Association for Human Rights in Ethiopia

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በጦርነቱ ምክንያት እየደረሰ ያለው ሰብአዊ ቀውስ እና በዜጎች ማንነት ላይ ያነጣጠሩ ጥቃቶች አስቸኳይ መፍትሔ ሊሰጣቸው ይገባል!!!

10th December 2020 by Admin

ጋዜጣዊ መግለጫ

ባሳለፍነው ወር በኢትዮጵያ ውስጥ ስላለው የሰብአዊ መብት አያያዝ ረገድ የተስተዋሉ ዋና ዋና ክስተቶችን እና የመብት ጥሰቶች ላይ መሰረት በማድረግ ይህንን ጋዜጣዊ መግለጫ ሰጥቷል፡፡ 

ስብስብ ለሰብአዊ መብቶች በኢትዮጵያ በተደጋጋሚ ባወጣቸው ጋዜጣዊ መግለጫዎች የዜጎችን ማንነት መሰረት አድርገው በአገሪቱ የተለያዩ ክፍሎች እየደረሱ ያሉት ጥቃቶች እየተበራከቱ እና እየተባባሱ መሆኑን ገልጿል። በእነዚህ ጥቃቶችም ቁጥሩ ከፍተኛ የሆነ ሕዝብ የጥቃት ሰለባ መሆኑን ሌሎች የመብት ተሟጋች ድርጅቶችም በመግለጫዎቻቸው ስጋቶቻቸውንም ጭምት አክለው ሲገልጹ ቆይተዋል። ይህ በእንዲህ እያለ ከሁለት ሳምንታት በፊት በአገሪቱ የሰሜን ክፍል፣ በትግራይ ክልል ውስጥ የተቀሰቀሰው ጦርነት የአገሪቱን የሰብአዊ መብቶች ሁኔታ እጅግ አሳሳቢ ሁኔታ ላይ አድርሶታል።

የትግራይ ልዩ ሀይል በክልሉ ውስጥ በሚገኘው የሰሜን ዕዝ ጦር አባላት ላይ በካምፕ ውስጥ እያሉ ያደረሱባቸው አሰቃቂ ጥቃት ለዚህ ጦርነት መቀስቀስ ዋነኛ ምክንያት ቢሆንም በክልሉ መንግስት እና በፌዴራል መንግስቱ መካከል የነበረው መሻከር እና በመግለጫዎች የተደገፈ መናቆሮች ወደ እርስ በርስ ግጭት ሊያመራ እንደሚችል አለም አቀፍ የግጭት አጥኚ አካላት ጭምር ሲያሳስቡ ቆይተዋል። ህውሃት የሚመራው የክልሉ ልዩ ኃይል በመከላከያ አባላት ላይ ከወሰደው ድንገተኛ አሰቃቂ እርምጃ በተጨማሪም በክልሉ ውስጥ ማይካድራ በተባለ ሥፍራ ቁጥራቸው ወደ አምስት መቶ የሚጠጉ ንጹሃን ዜጎችን በጅምላ ተገድለው መገኘታቸውን ከመንግስት እና ከተለያዩ ምንጮች ለማረጋገጥ ተችሏል። ይህ በሰው ዘር ላይ ያነጣጠረ ጥቃት በሌሎች ስፍራዎችም ቁጥሩ ይለያይ እንጂ ተደጋግሞ እየተፈጸመ መሆኑ ድርጅታችንን ክፉኛ አሳስቦታል።

በትግራይ ክልል እየተካሄደ ባለው ጦርነት ሳቢያ ቁጥራቸው በአሥር ሺዎች የሚቆጠሩ ሰዎች የተፈናቀሉ መሆኑን እና እንደ አንዳንድ አለም አቀፍ መገናኛ ብዙሃን ዘገባም ከሃያ ሺ በላይ የሚቆጠሩ የትግራይ ክልል ነዋሪዎች ከግጭቱ በመሸሽ ወደ ሱድን እና ሌሎች አጎራባች አገሮች እየተሰደዱ መሆኑ ተገልጿል። በግጭቱ ሳቢያ መንገዶች በመዘጋጋታቸው እና የጸጥታውም ሁኔታ አስጊ በመሆኑ መሰረታዊ የሆኑ እንደ ምግብ እና የጤና አቅርቦቶች በሚፈለገው መጠን ለነዋሪው ሕዝብ ሊደርስ እንዳልቻለ እና በዚህም ሳቢያ የብዙ ሰዎች ሕይወት የከፋ አደጋ ላይ ሊወድቅ እንደሚችል የተባበሩት መንግስታትን ጨምሮ ሌሎች አለም አቀፍ የበጎ አድራጊ ድርጅቶች ስጋታቸውን እየገለጹ ነው።

ከጦርነቱ መከሰት ቀደም ብሎም ሆነ በኋላ በተለያዩ የአገሪቱ ክፍሎች ከፍተኛ የመብት ጥሰቶች የተፈጸሙ ሲሆን ሲሆን በተለይም፡-

በደቡብ ብሄሮች፣ ብሄረሰቦች እና ህዝቦች ክልል ቤንች ሸኮ ዞን ጉራ ፈርዳ ወረዳ በ ጥቅምት 8 እና 9 ማንነታቸው ባልታወቀ አካለት በደረሰ ጥቃት ብዛት ያለቸው ዜጎች ማንነትን መሰረት ባደረገ ጥቃት ህይወታቸውን አጥተዋል፣ አካላቸው ጎድሎል፣ ንብረታቸው ወድሟል፡፡  ከቦታው እየወጡ ባሉት መረጃዎች ከአንድ ቤተሰብ ብቻ 4 እና 5 የቤተሰብ አባላት በአሰቃቂ ሁኔታ ተገድለዋል፡፡ በዚህ ጥቃት ህፃናት፣ አረጋውያንና ሴቶች ጭምር የጥቃት ሰለባ ሆነዋል፡፡

በተመሳሳይም በኦሮሚያ ብሄራዊ ክልላዊ መንግስት ስር በሚገኙ የተለያዩ አካባቢዎች ማለትም በምዕራብ ሸዋ ዞን ምዕራብ ወለጋ እና በሆሩ ጉድሩ ዞኖች ማንነታቸው በግልፅ ባልታወቁ አካላት በሚወስዱት እርምጃ የሰላማዊ ሰዎች ህይወት በተደጋጋሚ መጥፋቱ ታውቆል፡፡ በተለይም በምዕራብ ወለጋ ዞን ጉሊሶ ወረዳ ዲላ ጎጎላ ታንታ ቀበሌ ታጣቂዎች በቀን 22/02 2013 በአካባቢው ኑሮቸውን መስረተው የሚኖሩ የአማራ ብሄር ተወላጅ የአካባቢው ነዋሪዎችን ለስብሰባ ትፈለጋላችሁ በማለት በመጥረት በአሰቃቂ ሁኔታ በደረሰ ጥቃት ቁጥራቸው ከ40-60 ድረስ የሚደርሱ ንፁኃን ዜጎች ህይወታቸውን እንዲያጡ ተደርጎል፡፡ ከዚህ ባለፈም ብዛት ያለቸው የአማራ ብሄር ተወላጆች በዚሁ ጥቃት ለአካል መጉደል መዳረጋቸው ተውቋል፡፡ ጥቃቱ የተፈፀመው በአካባቢው ለጥበቃ የተሰማራው የመከላከያ ሰራዊት አካባቢውን ለቅቆ በወጣበት ቀን መሆኑ በአካባቢው የነበረውን ከፍተኛ የፀጥታ ችግር ያመላክታል፡፡ ከጥቃቱ በሓላ በአካባቢው የሚኖሩ የአማራ ብሄር ተወላጅ ዜጎች አሁንም ቢሆን የደህንነት ስጋት ያለባቸው መሆኑን በተደጋጋሚ ለተለያዩ የሚዲያ ተቋማት ገልፀዋል፡፡

በአፋርና በሱማሌ ክልል አጎራባች አካባቢዎች በተነሳ ግጭት ብዛት ያለቸው ዜጎችን ለሞትና  ለአካል ጉዳትና እንዲሁም መፈናቀል ዳርጎል፡፡ በተለይም በዚህ አካባቢ ከዚህ ቀደምም በተደጋጋሚ በሚነሳ ግጭት የብዙዎችን ህይወት አያጠፋ መሆኑ ይተወሳል፡፡

ከዘህ ባሻገርም ከባህር ዳር ወደ አዲስ አበባ በሚወስደው መንገድ በኦሮሚያ ክልል ሰሜን ሸዋ ዞን አካባቢ ባሉ አንዳንድ አካባቢዎች በተለይም በምሽት ሰአት ተጓዦች ላይ እና በአሽከርካሪዎች ላይ ጥቃት ደርሶል በአንዳንድ አሽከርካሪዎች ላይም የአካል መጉደልና የህይወት መጥፋት አስከትሏል፡፡

የመሰብሰብ ነፃነትና ሰላማዊ ሰልፍ የማድረግ መብት መሰረታዊ የሰብአዊ መብትና በኢፊድሪ ህገመንግስትም በአንቀፅ 30 እውቅና የተሰጠው መሆኑ ይታወቀል፡፡ በጥቅምት ወር አብን የሚሰኘው ፓሪቲ በሀገሪቱ የተለያዩ አካባቢዎች በአማራ ህዝብ ላይ እየደረሰ ያለውን ዘርን መሰረት ያደረገ ጥቃት እንዲወገዝ ለማድረግ የጠራው ሰልፍ እንዳይደረግ ተክልክሎል፡፡

በመሆኑም ስብስብ ለሰብአዊ መብቶች  በኢትዮጵያ፤ መንግስት ከዚህ በታች የተዘረዘሩትን የመፍትሔ  እርምጃዎች እንዲወስድ ጥሪ ያቀርባል፡-

  • በትግራይ ክልል እየተካሄደ ያለው ጦርነት በአፋጣኝ እንዲገታ እና ለንጹሃን ዜጎች ሞትም ሆነ በመከላከያ ሠራዊት አባላት ላይ ጥቃት ያደረሱ እና ትዕዛዝ የሰጡ ሰዎች በቍጥጥር ስር ውለው ለፍርድ እንዲቀርቡ፤
  • በትግራይ ክልል ከጦርነቱ በመሸሽ ከአካባቢያቸው የተፈናቀሉ እና ወደ ጎረቤት አገር የተሰደዱ ዜጎች በቂ ድጋፍ እና ጥበቃ እንዲደረግላቸው፤ እንዲሁም በክልሉ ውስጥ የሚገኙ እና በመሰረታዊ አቅርቦት እጥረት ህይወታቸው ለአደጋ የተጋለጡ ዜጎች የሰብአዊ እርዳታ በተፋጠነ ሁኔታ እንዲደርሳቸው ሁኔታዎች እንዲመቻቹ፤ 
  • የፊደራል መንግስትና የኦሮሚያ ክልል ዘርን መሰረት ያደረጉ ተመሳሳይ ጥቃቶች እንዳይፈፀሙ ለዜጎች ተገቢውን ጥበቃ እንዲያደርግ፣ የተፈናቀሉ ግለሰቦችን ወደቀያቸው እንዲመለሱ በማድረግ ለተጎዱ ዜጎች ተገቢውን ከሳ እንዲክሱ ማድረግ፣ ከዚህ ባሻገር ዘርን መሰረት በማድረግ በየአካባቢው በሚደረጉ ጥቃቶች ውስጥ በቀጥታም ይሁን በተዘዋዋሪ መንገድ ተሳትፎ ያላቸው አካላት በህግ ተጠያቂ እንዲሆኑ በማድረግ በተሳትፎቸው ልክ በህግ ተጠያቂ እንዲደረጉ፣ 
  • ከዚህ ቀደም በተደጋጋሚ እንዳሳሰብነው መንግስት በተለያዩ የሀገሪቱ አካባቢዎች ለግጭቶች ምክንያት ሊሆኑ የሚችሉ ጉዳዮችን በአግባቡ በመለየት ግጭቶቹ ከመከሰታቸው በፊት የክትትል ስርአት በመዘርጋትና የእርምት እርምጃ በማዘጋጀት በሀገሪቱ በተለያዩ ግዜያት የሚከሰቱ የእርስ በርስ ግጭቶችን ሊያስወግድ ይገባል፡፡ 
  • በሱማሌና አፋር ክልል አንዳንድ አካባቢዎች እንዲሁም በአንዳንድ የሀገሪቱ ክፍሎች በሚገኙ ክልሎች አዋሳኝ ቦታዎች ከማንነትና ከቦታ ይገባኛል ጥያቄ ጋር ተያይዞ በሚነሱ ጥቃቶች የሚደርሱ ግጭቶችን ለማስቀረት መንግስት የክልል መንግስታትንና ህዝቡን ያሳተፈ ሁሉን አቀፍ መፍትሔ ማስቀመጥ ያስፈልጋል፡፡ 
  • የመሰብሰብና ሰላማዊ ሰልፍ የማድረግ መብት በኢፊዲሪ ህገመንግሰት እውቅና የተሰጠውና በአለም አቀፍ የሰብአዊ መብት ስምምነቶች ድጋፍ ያለው መብት መሆኑ ይታወቃል፡፡ በተለያዩ ምክንቶች መሰረት በማድረግ ይህንን መብት መገደቡ ለዲሞክራሲ ስርዓት ግንባታ መሰናክል በመሆኑ መንግስት የተለያዩ ሰንካላ ምክንያቶችን እያነሳ ቡድኖች የሚጠይቁትን ሰላማዊ ሰልፍ የማድረግ መብትን ሊገድብ አይገባም፡፡
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The humanitarian crisis of the war and ethnic-based attacks on the identity of citizens must be addressed!!!

10th December 2020 by Admin

Press release

Association for Human Rights in Ethiopia (AHRE) has issued this press statement based on the key Human Rights situations and violations witnessed over the past month.

In a series of press releases, Associations for Human Rights in Ethiopia has put-forth that identity-based attacks in different parts of the country are increasing and worsening. Other Human rights advocates in their statements have also raised serious concerns over the large number of people becoming victims of these attacks. Meanwhile two weeks ago, war broke out in the Northern part of the country Tigray region putting the county’s human rights situation in dire straits. 

Although the horrific attack by Tigray Special Forces on members of the Northern Command in the region’s camp is the main reason for the war breaking down; international conflict experts have expressed that the rift between the region and federal government including back and forth statements from both parties could lead to conflict. In addition to the horrific surprise attack by the TPLF-led Regional Special Forces, in a place called Mai-Khadra more than six hundred civilians were massacred by Tigrayan Regional State affiliated groups based on their ethnic identities. This was confirmed by different sources including Amnesty International, Ethiopian Human Right Commission and the Federal government of Ethiopia. Our organization is deeply concerned about the recurrence of such similar inhumane attacks in different parts of the country.

Tens of thousands of people have been displaced by the ongoing fighting in the Tigray region and according to some international media outlets, more than 20,000 residents of the Tigray region are fleeing the conflict to Sudan and other neighboring countries.

As a result of the conflict, roads have been closed and security has been compromised, with basic supplies such as food and health supplies not being available to the people. As a result, many international aid organizations, including the United Nations are expressing concern that more lives are at stake. The federal government on its behalf says some of those who attacked and involved in the massacre of innocent civilians in Mai-Khadra have also fled to Sudan.

There were serious abuses in various parts of the country, both before and after the war. Specially:

In the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People’s Region, Bench Sheko Zone, Guro Ferda Woreda, on October 18 and 19, scores of civilians were killed, disabled and their property destroyed in ethnic based attacks by unidentified assailants. According to reports coming from the area, up to 4 to 5 members of one family were brutally killed.  Children, the elderly, and women were also attacked.

Similarly, in the areas under the Oroia National Regional State, in the West Shoa Zone, West Welega and Huru Gundru Zones, unidentified group of individuals repeatedly taken the lives of civilians in the areas. In particular, in Western Wollega Zone, Guliso Wereda, Dila Gogota Tanta Kebele on November 1, 2020 ethnic Amhara residents in the areas were called in and were brutally attacked by armed militants, gruesomely killings as many as 40 to 60 innocent people. Moreover, large numbers of people were maimed due to the attacks. The fact that the attacks took place on the day the defense force left the district indicates the seriousness of security in the area. After the attack, Amhara living in the area still repeatedly told various media outlets that they were concerned about their safety.

Conflict in neighboring Afar and Somali regions has resulted in numerous deaths, and displacements. It can be recalled that previous conflicts in the area have led to the deaths of numerous people.

In addition to this, on the road from Bahir-Dar to Addis Ababa in some areas of the Oromia Region, Northern Shoa Zone passengers and drivers, especially at night, have been attacked resulting in injuries and death of some drivers.

The freedom of assembly and the right to peaceful demonstration is recognized as a fundament al human right and recognized in Article 30 of the FDRE constitution. In October, the National Movement of Amhara (NAMA)party called for a peaceful rally in various parts of the country to condemn the ongoing ethnic based violence against the Amhara people. However, this was prohibited by government authorities.

Therefore, Association for Human Rights in Ethiopia, urges the government to take the following remedial measures:

  • Prompt resolution of the ongoing war and the arrest and prosecution of those responsible for the deaths of innocent civilians and members of the National Defense forces of Ethiopia.
  • To provide adequate support and protection to displaced citizens in Tigray Region and those who fled to neighboring countries. Facilitating the speedy recovery of humanitarian assistance to the people in the region whose lives are at risk due to lack of their basic necessities.
  • The federal government, Benshangul Gumez Region and the Oromia Region should provide protection to citizens to make sure similar ethnic based attacks do not happen and make sure displaced citizens return back to their villages and get the proper compensations. Moreover, for those who are directly or indirectly responsible for ethnic based attacks in different areas be legally held accountable for their actions.
  • As we repeatedly stated before, the government should identify the possible causes of conflicts in different parts of the country and establish monitoring systems and take corrective measures before the conflicts occur.
  • To avoid ethnic-based conflicts and territorial disputes in Somali and Afar region as well as some regional boarders in parts of the country, the government must find a comprehensive solution that involves the regional governments and the people.
  • The right to assemble and protest is recognized by the FDRE constitution and is supported by international human rights treaties. The government should not restrict the right of peaceful demonstrations, citing various obstacles, as the restriction of this right on various grounds is an obstacle to democracy building.
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Association for Human Rights in Ethiopia September 2020 Press release

29th October 2020 by Admin

 Association for Human Rights in Ethiopia is releasing this press statement on September, 2020 to express concerns over major events concerning human rights treatments in Ethiopia. 

Attacks at Metekel Zone 

On October, 2020 at Metekel zone, Guba and Bulen woredas and on September, 2020 at Bengez Kebele, Dangur Woreda of the Benishangul-Gumuz region several civilians are killed, injured and their properties in repeated ethnic-based attacks by organized armed groups. Some are also forced to flee from their homes. According to eye witnesses and regional officials, the security forces in the area failed to protect residents from the attacks. The fact that the September attacks happened right after the federal government higher officials went to the area and announced deployment of security force shows the seriousness of the problem.

Conflicts in Konso Zone

Similarly, amongst the major human rights violations to happen in October are clashes in the boarder Kebeles of Konso zone  and Ale Woreda  of  the Southern region resulted in loss of life and properties as more than 5,000 residents fled from their home in fear of attacks. 

Citizens at risk due to Flooding 

On the other hand, more than 496,989 citizens have been affected by flooding in Afar, Amhara, Gambella, Oromia, Southern and Afar regions. Several non-governmental organizations traveled to the location and witnessed that 134,889 were displaced, several houses are destroyed and number of lives are put in danger and citizens in risk of contracting covid-19 virus due to being housed in makeshift camps and expressed their concerns to the government. 

Violations of freedom of religion

It is known that freedom of religion is recognized as a constitutional right. However, in different parts of the country, particularly in some Zones and Woredas of Oromia region and in Hosaena town of southern region, many have expressed that they have been hindered from celebrating the Meskel holiday according to their religious standards.  In particular, we learnt that the case of Covid- 19 has been used as a reason for the restrictions. 

Failure to comply with court decisions and violating citizens’ rights 

Other human right violations to happen on September were cases of failing to complying with court decisions. The right to for bail is a significant right to avoid unnecessary arrests. In particular, in Oromia region Eastern Showa zone higher court has ordered for the release of Ato Lidetu Ayalew on bail, but refusal to release the suspect was observed. Failure to comply with the decision of the court is not only a threat to human rights but also a threat to the ongoing justice system in the country. 

Endangering the freedom of movement 

It is well known that the right to move from to place as well as the right to live where you want and own property is a constitutional right recognized by the FDRE. However, it has been observed that in various times including the month of September roads have been blocked and traveling citizens have been at risk.

In particular, those traveling from Bahir Dar to Addis Ababa have endured delays in Oromia Region Northern Showa Zone and some have reported to several Medias that they were forced to return to the town of Dejen after looking at their ID. This limits citizens’ freedom of movement.

Recommendations

Association for Human Rights in Ethiopia calls out to the government to take the following counteractive measures:

  • For the federal government and the Benishangul Gumuz regional state to ensure the safety of citizens against similar ethnic based attacks, resettle displaced residents, make sure victims get the proper compensation, take the necessary legal action against the armed groups responsible for the repeated attacks and make sure the area is free from them(Armed groups) as well as take necessary legal actions against any parties involved directly or indirectly in the attacks.
  • For the government to identifying the root causes of the conflicts in various parts of the country and put in place a system of counteractive actions to be taken before conflicts occur and avoid further strains on the lives of civilians. 
  • For the government to work with various partners to reduce the risk of floods in different parts of the country. In particular to take the necessary precautions to protect citizens from being exposed to covid-19 and other infectious diseases. 
  • The government must prevent interference against minority religious groups, followers and religious practiced in various areas of the country. The government should establish a system to hold accountable those who are responsible for restricting and interfering with citizens’ religious freedoms. In particular, legal action must be taken against those who limit citizens from practicing their freedom of religion, citing various unconvincing reasons. 
  • Obeying court decision is basic part of human rights. Therefore, suspects who remain in custody despite the court’s decision to grant bail must be released without further conditions. Therefore, the government should launch a system to stop the actions of government officials (bodies) who obstruct the executions of court decisions and held them accountable. 
  • We urge the government to hold accountable those who restrict individuals’ right to move from place to place, to make sure the right to movement is respected and further mistreatment of citizens is avoided. 
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The humanitarian crisis of the war and ethnic-based attacks on the identity of citizens must be addressed!!!

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